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Spui-:mention of Lettere atcut. Patente@ Sapin.. 1,5, lg,

Application flied" october 30, "LS1 1. Serial @5j/,648.

To dif/whom 'it may," concern 'Be it-known that l, CHARLES HULTensN, a citizen of vthe United States, residing at Twenty-second and Union streets, Chicago,

in the county of Cookand State of lilinohj have inventedn. new and useful Aimprovevnient in Kilns, of which the tollowing is a r Specilieation.

This invention relates particularly to'kilns adaptedto the purpose 'of drying coatings of 011, Varnish, paints, etc.; epd the primary obyect of the invention is to provide an irnproved kiln, which can be cheaply constructed and economically opera-ted, with 1m- 'pro'vedvresult-s to the articlesbeing treated. The nwention 'is illustrated 1n its 'pre' fe'rredembodiment inthe accompanying drawing, which represents a broken perspective View, diagrammatic in its nature, oi" the improredikiln, with the front wall removed.

In the form shown, the kiln comprises a drying chamber A flanked by an up-drat heating flue l, and by a down-draft return lueQ, Which are in coinnmnication at their upper ends through a cross-draft return iue 3, which surinounts the chamber A; heating-coils 1L-disposed in the iiue l; and a group of cooling coils 5 located at' the junction of the dues l and 3. ln addition, I have shown a few widely spaced coolingcoils 5'* disposed in the flue 3 and distributed from side to side @the drying chamoeiand above the same, and a group of cooling-coils 5"' at the `upper end of the flue 2. Any one, or'more, of the groups of cooling coils may loe dispensed with, if desired.

. The kiln-Walls (5, 7, 8 and 9 may be of any suitable material. lVood serves the purpose admirably. The liuc l has for its Walls the side-wall 6 and a. parallel inner AWall or partition l0, which preferably is imperforate but cut away at its lower Aedge to afford a Space, or passage, 11., adjacentthe Hoor 9,

sage 3 is between the ceiling 8'. and an fumerl ceiling 15, which-is orarninous or Withxperoratlons 16. c l* The kiln-which may he practically [airprovided kilnsl tained in a very economical manner and tight, is, in practice, provided with suitabledoors (not shown) and suitable controlling valves (not shown) for the pipes or coils are located exterior to the kiln.

Yater may he circulated through the cooling-coils, and exhaust steam may be circulated through the heating-coils 4. The cooling-coils may incline somewhat, if desired so that in the event y'of any condensation on their surfaces, the water will be conducted away. The air, warmedA by the coils et, passes up through the iue l, and flows through the topsflue 3, being cooled as'it Y passes the coils 5. Part of the cooled air settles down through Vthe. forarninous inner ceiling 15 of the kiln, and part Hows through the down-draft flue -2 and through the foraininons infner side-WallA l2`-all passing hack through the chamber A to the bottom o' the tip-draft ue'l. The articles to he driedare placed in the chamber A, and intimate contact with the air-currents is assui-ed by reason of the fact that currents pass, through every portion of the chamber A. Not only so, but the air which is thus brought into contact with the surfaces to be dried is at a moderate temperature, so that the drying action will be moderate and uni.-

forrn, This is a matter of special importance in the drying of Varnished or painted surfaces. where it is highly desirablethat any tendency to blister or check the coating shall be ol'nfiated. While this purpose is rapid circulation of the air may be maintained, so that much'quicker drying can be Y eil'ected, in a perfectly safe manner, than has .hitherto been possible with the'use of known Moreover, the desired result is atwithout theuse of mechanical air-circulating mechanism.

Where thev` improved kiln isused only for ,dryinv certain -kinds of paints, varnishes, eter, tere-Will be found no visible condensationon the ,cooling1pipes,` but the cooling pipes neverthelessserve their function in the 'operation of- .the kiln. Such oils or materials as' are volatil'ized or oxidized are probably eventually depositedl on the kiln-Walls or escape with the air during periods of recharging-.ef the kiln, so that they do not interfere with the operation of the kiln.

It evident from the description of the operation 'that the cooling-coilsand the coand no undue limitation should be understoodv therefrom, but the appendedl claims should be construed' as broadly as 'permissible in view'of the prior art. .Vhile it is most advantageous to locate the iues lyand 2- at the lateral (longitudinal) sides of the kiln, the principle of the intention 'may be employed in any suitable,arrangement.

Y Whatl regard as newfand desire to secure 'by Letters Patent, is-

l. Si kiln of the character described, comprisingadrying-chamber {ia-hired by an updrat flue having an inlet-passage troni the bot-tom `of the drying-chamber and ianked also by a return down-draftiiue havinga Joraminousl.Wall, .a return-tCp-'flue joining the up-draftlue and down-draft'iiue, means whereby the .air in the up-draftiiue' is'heated so that an upward flow is produced inthe tine, and a cooling-device in the path of the heated airlowing toward the drying chamber,.for the purpose set forth. p v

,2. 'A kiln of the character set forth, coinprising a drying-chamber having an updrait iue at one side, a down-draft .flue at' another side and a cross-draft flue 'at the tcp, the inner walls of said down-draftflue and cr(.rss-draft flue having openings therein to admit the air tothe drying-chamber and the lip-draft flue having communication at its bot-tom with the drying-chamber, and heating means in the up-draftvtlue.

3. A rkiln of the characterfset forth, comprising adrying-chamber having'. an updraft line atene side, adown-draft flue at anether side and a cross-draft "fluent the top, the inner walls' of said down-draft flue and cross-draft flue having openings therein to admit the air to-the1 drying-chamber and the :1p-draft flue havingjcornmunication at its bottom. 'ith the drying-chamber, heating means in the up-draft flue, and cooling means in 'one of the return'flues.

4.- A kiln' of the characterset forth, comprising a drying-chamber having an up- 'draft flue at one side,

another side and a cross-draft ue at the top, the inner walls of said down-draftflue and cross-draft flue har-ing' openings therein to admit the airto the drying-chamber and the rrp-draft fluey having communication at its bottom with ithe"drying-chamber, heating means inthe up-draft flue and cooling means in thc space at the Junction of the up-draft and cross-draft flues,

a down-draft flue at 5. A kiln comprising a drying-chamber, an up-drat'vue at one side of the drying chamber and a cross-draft flue surmounting said chamber, said last-named flue having openings in its inner wall and said irstnamed flue having an inlet near its bottom, heating means whereby the air in the updrat't {iue is' heated so that an upward 'flow' y'is produced in the flue., and a cooling device in the path of the heated air flowing toward said drying-chamber, for thevpulpose set forth.

G. A kiln of the class described compris- 'ing a drying-chamber, a-lue at one side of said drying-chamber and communicating therewith at 'the top, means for heating theair 'in said -flueand means Vfor cooling the air at the top of'saiddrying-chamber Iand adaptedt'o cause 'a downward flow of' air through said drying-chamber.. e

7. 'A kiln of the class described,'com`prisinga drying-chamber, an 11p-draft flue at one side of'said drying-chamber and communicating' therewith at, the top and bottom, means forheating the air in said line, and

cooling coils adjacent to the top of said drying-chamber for ,coolinG the air and causing it' to, iow downward therethrough.

A kiln of the class described, comprisinge drying-chamber, an up-draft flue at one side of said drying-chamber and communicating therewith, means for heating the air in sandV liuc. and4 cooling means in thepath of the heated air and between said heating means and drying-chamber, all being arranged to cause a downward flow of air through said drying-chamber.

9.' A. kiln ofthe class described, comprising a drying-chamber, an rlp-draft flue' at one side of said drying-chamber, heating means in. said up-draft flue, a cross-draft iue above said, drying-chamber having ,a 'foraminous inner wall adapted to provide inlet openings distributedV across the top of said dryin chamber, and coc-ling means located in. t c path of the air between said heating-means and drying-chamber.

10. A kiln for'the purpose specified Jand of the class described, comprising a dryingchamber, an up-draft flue adjacent thereto. j

communicating at its upper and lower portions With the corresponding portions of the drying-chamber, means for heating the` air which passes-through the up-draft flue, 'and means for cooling the air afterv it passes the heating means andelecting distribution of the air currents through the dryingchamber in their return course therethrough to the lower portion of the up-d'raft lue.

, l1. A kiln of the class described, comprising a. drying-chamber, .an up-dratt iiue at one side the drying-chamber, a crossdraft return flue above said drying-chainber, a down-draft return iue on the .side

of said dryingchamber opposite said up- 'such partition a draft Hue, heating' means for said up-dratt iue. said up-dra'tt thie and said doivirdraft Hue each communicating with said drying l chamber at the bottorrl thereof, the inner' Wail'of one. of said return 'fines haring -peri t'orations therein to distribute the return air currents through the --drying-chaniber. i 12. hiin of the character Set foiti'1,co1n I prising a drying-chamber, an up-dratt Hue i at one side thereof, a down-draft flue at another side thereof and communicating near its ion-er portion with the dryingchainherfa cross-draft A:flue at the .top of the drying-chamber haring its: inner Wall pro f vided with openingsproriding communication Withjthe drying-chuniber7 and heating means'in the tip-draft fine.

Lia kiin of the ciass d.; -riiefh the conihinition with an inciosifre, means whereby the same is divided to afford a main drying chamber adapted to receive the article to be dried, a space thereabot'e and an auxiliary Chamber communicating with the upper portion of said main chamber through said space, of means adapted to heat the air in said auxiliary chamber,l

. whereby an ascending' current ot air 1s ereated therein, and other means abovesaid main chamber adapted t-`cooi Such current of air and therebyY canel it to descend into said main chamber independent of any agency in the latter.

14. [n a kiln of the class described, the combination with an inclosure divided by an upright partition to ati'ord upon one side of i main drying space and l* up n the other side an auxiiiary chamber, l the two heing in communication at the top i and bottom op? the partition, of means adaptedt'o heat the air in Said auxiiiary chainber. whereby an ascending current oi' air is l creaed therein: and other means above said i drying Space adapted to cool said currentI vone side of said of air and thereby cause it to descend into said drying space independent of any agency in the hitter.

15.. .M kiln comprising a drying-chamber, an up-drat`t line at one side of the dryingchaniher and communicating therewith at its upper end, means whereby the air in thel up-dra`tt tine-.is heated so that an upward tionv .is produced in the due, nnans for distributing the heated air throughout the drying' chamber, and' a cooling device in the pat-h ot the heated air' fiou'ing toward said daring chamber.'

1G. A kiinvofthe ciass described, co1nprising a drying-chamber, an rip-draft iiue at drying-chamber and cour munieatingat its' top and bott-oni with said chying-chaniber, means for heating the ,zii in said fine, and cooling means in the. path of circulation and between said heating means-and drying-chamber. all being arranged tol @anse a downward dow of air through said vdiying-chainber.

1T. A iliin coniprisi a during-chamber;

en i Van'up-dratt fine at one side o't the dryingc'hamber, .the lower end of the fine openii into thegchaniber; a cross-draft iiue sur mounting said chamber and communicating with the tine first named; means whereby theair in the up-dratt due is heat-ed so; that an upward How is produced in the Hue, the inner Wall ot' the cross-draft due being provided with openings of such size and so spaced that the iow from said fine is distributed throughout the entire upper portion vof the cinnnber; and a cooling dey-ice in the path of the heated air near the upper Wall of the chamber.

CHARLES, HULTGREN.

.in the presence ot'` J. (i. ANDERSON, il. SCHAEFER. 

